List of contributors ........................................... xi
1 Scientific interview
Jorge KURCHAN, James S. LANGER, Thomas A. WITTEN and Peter
G. WOLYNES ................................................... 1
1.1 Jorge Kurchan answers ................................... 2
1.2 James S. Langer answers ................................. 9
1.3 Thomas A. Witten answers ............................... 17
1.4 Peter G. Wolynes answers ............................... 19
References .................................................. 37
2 An overview of the theories of the glass transition
Gilles TARJUS ............................................... 39
2.1 Introduction ........................................... 39
2.2 A diversity of views and approaches .................... 41
2.3 Elements of theoretical strategies ..................... 46
2.4 Theories based on an underlying dynamical transition ... 51
2.5 Theories based on an underlying thermodynamic or
static transition ...................................... 54
2.6 Concluding remarks ..................................... 61
References .................................................. 62
3 Overview of different characterizations of dynamic
heterogeneity
Ludovic BERTHIER, Giulio BIROLI, Jean-Philippe BOUCHAUD
and Robert L. JACK .......................................... 68
3.1 Introduction ........................................... 68
3.2 Observables for characterizing dynamical
heterogeneity .......................................... 71
3.3 Theoretical discussion ................................. 88
3.4 Beyond four-point functions: other tools to detect
dynamical correlations ................................. 93
3.5 Open problems and conclusions ......................... 104
References ................................................. 105
4 Glassy dynamics and dynamical heterogeneity in colloids
Luca CIPELLETTI and Eric R. WEEKS .......................... 110
4.1 Colloidal hard spheres as a model system for the glass
transition ............................................ 110
4.2 Experimental methods for measuring both the average
dynamics and dynamical heterogeneity .................. 116
4.3 Average dynamics and dynamical heterogeneity in the
supercooled regime .................................... 125
4.4 Average dynamics and dynamical heterogeneity in
non-equilibrium regimes ............................... 132
4.5 Beyond hard spheres ................................... 137
4.6 Perspectives and open problems ........................ 141
Acknowledgments ............................................ 143
References ................................................. 143
5 Experimental approaches to heterogeneous dynamics
Ranko RICHERT, Nathan ISRAELOFF, Christiane ALBA-
SIMIONESCO, Francois LADIEU and Denis L'HÔTE ............... 152
5.1 Introduction .......................................... 152
5.2 Techniques based on spectral selectivity .............. 155
5.3 Spatially selective techniques ........................ 166
5.4 Using higher-order correlation functions .............. 173
5.5 Correlation volume estimates from dynamic
susceptibilities ...................................... 177
5.6 Other experiments related to heterogeneity ............ 189
5.7 Conclusions ........................................... 193
Acknowledgments ............................................ 196
References ................................................. 196
6 Dynamical heterogeneities in grains and foams Olivier
DAUCHOT, Douglas J. DURIAN and Martin van HECKE ............ 203
6.1 Introduction .......................................... 203
6.2 Heterogeneities in agitated granular media ............ 206
6.3 Heterogeneities in granular flows ..................... 212
6.4 Foams, frictionless soft spheres ...................... 216
6.5 Discussion ............................................ 221
6.6 Appendix: how to measure χ4 and the dangers ........... 222
References ................................................. 224
7 The length scales of dynamic heterogeneity: results from
molecular dynamics simulations
Peter HARROWELL ............................................ 229
7.1 Introduction .......................................... 229
7.2 Kinetic lengths from displacement distributions ....... 232
7.3 Kinetic lengths from 4-point correlations functions ... 238
7.4 Kinetic lengths from finite size-analysis ............. 245
7.5 Kinetic lengths at amorphous interfaces ............... 247
7.6 Kinetic lengths from crossover behavior ............... 249
7.7 What lengths influence relaxation? .................... 254
7.8 Conclusions ........................................... 256
Acknowledgments ............................................ 258
References ................................................. 259
8 Heterogeneities in amorphous systems under shear
Jean-Louis BARRAT and Anaël LEMAÎTRE ....................... 264
8.1 Introduction .......................................... 264
8.2 Theoretical background ................................ 267
8.3 Particle-based simulations ............................ 283
8.4 Perspectives .......................................... 291
8.5 Acknowledgments ....................................... 293
References ................................................. 293
9 The jamming scenario—an introduction and outlook
Andrea J. LIU, Sidney R. NAGEL, Wim van SAARLOOS and
Matthieu WYART ............................................. 298
9.1 Introduction .......................................... 298
9.2 Overview of recent result on jamming of frictionless
sphere packings ....................................... 300
9.3 Extensions of the results for frictionless spheres .... 315
9.4 Real physical systems ................................. 321
9.5 Connection with glasses ............................... 322
9.6 Connection with supercooled liquids ................... 328
9.7 Outlook to the future—a unifying concept .............. 334
Acknowledgments ............................................ 336
References ................................................. 336
10 Kinetically constrained models
Juan P. GARRAHAN, Peter SOLLICH and Cristina TONINELLI ..... 341
10.1 Motivation ........................................... 341
10.2 The models ........................................... 343
10.3 Ergodicity-breaking transitions ...................... 348
10.4 Bulk dynamics of KCMs ................................ 352
10.5 Dynamical heterogeneity and its consequences ......... 356
10.6 Summary and outlook .................................. 365
References ................................................. 366
11 Growing length scales in aging systems
Federico CORBERI, Leticia F. CUGLIANDOLO and Hajime
YOSHINO .................................................... 370
11.1 Introduction .......................................... 370
11.2 Definitions ........................................... 374
11.3 Phase ordering ........................................ 381
11.4 Role of activation: the droplet theory ................ 387
11.5 Growing length scales in aging glasses ................ 394
11.6 A mechanism for dynamic fluctuations .................. 399
11.7 Closing remarks ....................................... 400
References ................................................. 401
12 Analytical approaches to time- and length scales in models of
glasses
Silvio FRANZ and Guilhem SEMERJIAN ......................... 407
12.1 Introduction .......................................... 407
12.2 Definition of the point-to-set correlation function
and its relation to correlation time .................. 409
12.3 Computation of the correlation function in
mean-field (random graph) models ...................... 419
12.4 Kac models ............................................ 429
12.5 Conclusions ........................................... 447
Acknowledgments ............................................ 448
References ................................................. 448
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