Pfennig D.W. Evolution's wedge: competition and the origins of diversity / D.W.Pfennig, K.S.Pfennig. - Berkeley: University of California Press, 2012. - xiv, 303 p.: ill. - (Organisms and environments; 12). - Ref.: p.243-290. - Ind.: p.291-303. - ISBN 978-0-520-27418-1  Место хранения:   029 | Институт систематики и экологии животных CO РАН | Новосибирск

Оглавление / Contents

Preface ..................................................... ix 1 Discovery of a Unifying Principle ............................ i A Brief History .............................................. 4 Detecting Character Displacement ............................ 10 Phenomena Mistaken for Character Displacement ............... 14 What Constitutes Character Displacement? Conflation of Process and Pattern ......................................... 19 Reproductive Character Displacement versus Reinforcement .... 20 Terminology ................................................. 21 Box 1.1: Alternative Manifestations of Character Displacement ....................................... 22 A Unifying Principle ........................................ 25 Box 1.2: Suggestions for Future Research .................... 26 Summary ..................................................... 27 Further Reading ............................................ 27 2 Why Character Displacement Occurs ........................... 29 Why Ecological Character Displacement Occurs ................ 30 Box 2.1: Alternative Models of Species Coexistence .......... 36 Box 2.2: Is Competitively Induced Plasticity Character Displacement? ...................................... 44 Why Reproductive Character Displacement Occurs .............. 48 Box 2.3: Suggestions for Future Research .................... 53 Summary ..................................................... 54 Further Reading ............................................. 54 3 When Character Displacement Occurs .......................... 57 Facilitators of Character Displacement ...................... 58 Variation in the Expression of Character Displacement ....... 65 How Ecological and Reproductive Character Displacement Facilitate Each Other ....................................... 69 How Ecological and Reproductive Character Displacement Can Impede Each Other ........................................... 77 Box 3.1: Suggestions for Future Research .................... 78 Summary ..................................................... 78 Further Reading ............................................. 79 4 How Character Displacement Unfolds .......................... 81 Mechanisms of Divergence .................................... 82 Tempo and Mode of Character Displacement .................... 93 Summary .................................................... 102 Box 4.1: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 103 Further Reading ............................................ 104 5 Diversity and Novelty Within Species ....................... 105 How Intraspecific Character Displacement Works ............. 106 Intraspecific Character Displacement: Observational Evidence ................................................... 108 Intraspecific Character Displacement: Experimental Evidence ................................................... 110 Evolution of Alternative Phenotypes ........................ 111 Intraspecific Character Displacement and Species Diversity .................................................. 126 Character Displacement Within Versus Between Species ....... 129 Summary .................................................... 130 Box 5.1: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 131 Further Reading ............................................ 131 6 Ecological Consequences .................................... 133 Evolution of the Niche ..................................... 134 Partitioning of Resources and Reproduction: A Reprise ...... 136 Box 6.1: Individual Variation and the Coexistence of Species ........................................... 139 Community Organization ..................................... 143 Character Displacement and Darwinian Extinction ............ 146 Species Distributions and Geographic Mosaics ............... 150 Character Displacement and Species Ranges .................. 151 Summary .................................................... 153 Box 6.2: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 154 Further Reading ............................................ 155 7 Sexual Selection ........................................... 157 How Sexual Selection Works ................................. 159 How Character Displacement Affects Sexual Selection ........ 160 Implications of the Effects of Character Displacement on Sexual Selection ........................................... 168 How Sexual Selection Affects Character Displacement ........ 174 A Cautionary Note: Process Versus Pattern .................. 175 Box 7.1: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 176 Summary .................................................... 176 Further Reading ............................................ 177 8 Speciation ................................................. 179 What Are Species? .......................................... 179 How Are Species' Boundaries Maintained? .................... 182 The Evolution of Isolating Mechanisms ...................... 183 Box 8.1: Selection and the Evolution of Reproductive Isolation .................................................. 186 Character Displacement's Role in Speciation ................ 189 Summary .................................................... 202 Box 8.2: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 203 Further Reading .............................................203 9 Macroevolution ............................................. 205 Competition in the Fossil Record ........................... 207 Methods for Studying Macroevolution: Replaying the Tape of Life .................................................... 211 Adaptive Radiation ......................................... 213 Evolutionary Escalation .................................... 224 Macroevolution: Red Queen or Court Jester? ................. 228 Summary .................................................... 229 Box 9.1: Suggestions for Future Research ................... 230 Further Reading ............................................ 230 10 Major Themes and Unsolved Problems ......................... 233 Major Themes of the Book 234 Some Unsolved Problems ........ 238 Summary .................................................... 242 References ................................................. 243 Index ...................................................... 291